Improvement in vapor-heaters



c. M. YOUNG.

Vapor Stove.

No. 86,198. Patented Jan. 26, 1869.

2 fl imyfiw I w fie P I V17 0 V7 fi UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHAS. M. YOUNG, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

l M PROVEM'ENT IN VAPOR-HEATERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 86.198, dated January26, 1869.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GHAaLEs M. YOUNG, of the city and county ofPhiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and usefulapparatus, machinery, and devices for burning the vapor of combustibleliquids, by which combustion can be eifected with entire security,however inflammable or explosive these liquids may be.

My invention may be applied to stoves, furnaces, and all otherliquid-burners for purposes of boiling, heating, and cooking in allforms,- as well as for other domestic and artistic uses in which anintense, uniform, and well-directed heat is required, and which I havecalled the vapor-heater and safety-reservoir.

Parts of my invention may also be applied to the regulation ofcombustion, as well as to its prevention or arrest.

Of this my invention the following is a description so full, clear, andexact as to enable those skilled in the mechanic arts to which itpertains to construct and those accustomed to the management ofdomestioimplements to use the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which the same parts are similarly noted throughout, and inwhich- Figure 1 represents a perspective view of the whole machine; Band 0, its lower and upper sections; P and P, the horizontal circularplates which divide and surmount it; 0, the faucet of thesafety-reservoir, and VVV, &c., the vent-holes of the air-tube.

Fig. 2 represents a vertical central section of the whole machine; B B,its safety-reservoir, occupying nearly the whole of the lower section,and for brevity similarly noted; R, its airtube; I, its rotarysafety-cap; K K, cuts or sections of the flanges of this cap; at, itsins-idecylinder; h, the supply-tube of the burner; 18, the arm, and tone side of the groove which supports the supply-tube, and A thecircular hole in P, which holds the boiler or other implement over theburner.

Fig. 3 represents the upper disk D, its yer tical supports E E E E, thelower disk F, movable by a screw round the burner, so as to be raisedorlowered over it, the burner G, provided with this screw, and Hthesupply'tube of the burner.

Fig. 4 represents the rotary safety-cap I,

Section B of Fig. l is the cylinder containing the safety-reservoir,provided with a fireproof faucet, 0, for securely drawing off thesurplus combustible fluid collected in the reservoir, and provided,also, with orifices or ventholes near the bottom,-sufficient in numberand magnitude to furnish the air-tube with a-nadequate supply ofcombustible air for the burner. The cylinder, which contains this lowersection, B, extends above the safety-reservoir far enough to receive andretain the circular flange of the horizontal plate P, which surmountsand rests upon this lower section, and into which its flange slides andfits closely. This circular plate P has upon its upper surface twocircular grooves, concentric with each other and with itself, to receiveand sustain the conceit tric cylinders of the upper section. Thishorizontal plate P has round its own center a circular orifice directlyover the center of the airtube of sutficient size to receive the rotarysafety-cap. A vertical arm, S, ascend-s from this plate 1? near theouter cylinder of the upper section, a little above the inner cylinderof the same section, witha crescent termination, to sustain thesupplytube of the burner, and which tube passes out of the largercylinder of the upper section to connect with the source of supply ofthe combustible fluid.

The upper section, 0, of Fig. 1 contains two concentric cylinders, whichrest upon the grooves in P. Of these cylinders one is, of course,contained within the other, the outer one having about double theelevation of the other. The projection of the outer above the innercylinder is perforated about equally throughout, so as to admit ofsuflicient ventis laticn. The outer cylinder of this section issurmounted by a circular cap, P, which is held in place by a lowerdescending flange, in contact all around with the inner circumference ofG at the top. The plate P extends a sufficient distance all aroundbeyond 0, and slopes downward at its outside. Concentric with P is acircular orifice in the same, sufficiently large to receive the bottomof any boiler or other implement of cookery or art, which rests upon ashoulder or flange-like offset in the edge of this orifice, directlyovertheburner. This orifice is marked A in the drawings.

The sections and plates'thus described may be made of tin, iron, copper,zinc, or any other suitable metal. may be cient thickness to have therequired strength, and the cylinders of sheeted metal polished,plain,orornate, to suit the taste of makersand purchasers.

The supports of my apparatus maybe of any The horizontal plates P and Pof the common approved forms.

Fig. 3 of the drawings, as already stated, represents the adjustableparallel disks round and over the burner of the same. These disks are ofa magnitude suited to the size and power of the burner, and to theeffect required to be produced. They can be raised or lowered round andover the burner, so as to increase its combustion and consequent supplyof heat. I have found by experiment this change of distance to benecessary not only to increase the combustion, butalso properly to mixthe vapor which issues from the end of the burner with the air, and todistribute the resultsequally upon the lower surface of the upper disk,thus preventing the vibration of the flame with its fluttering soundduring. combustion, and sending the heated air as rapidly as practicableto the boiler or other implement to which it is intended to be applied,where it produces its greatest heating effect. The change of distance iseffected by a screw round the'burner G, in which the disk F revolves,thusvincreasing the lengthof the stem of the burner and changing itsdistance from the upper disk, D. The distance of the upper disk from theburner can always be found by trial when the burner is applied, and theadjustment once made remains unchanged until the burneris removed.

Fig. 4=in the drawings, as already stated, represents the rotarysafety-cap I, placed directly over the air-tube B, so as to regulate thesupply of air to the burner and carry off the waste burning fluidwhich'falls upon the rotary safety-cap when lighting up, and whichpasses round the air-tube into the safety-reservoir below. If desirable,the construction of thesafety-reservoir and air-tube may be reversed, sothat the surplus or escaping combustible fluid may be conveyed into thesafety-reservoir by R, used as a conduit for the purpose, and the partof the lower section, B, over the safetyreservoir maybe used as anair-chamber with the vent holes or. orifices in its bottom above thesafety-reservoir instead of below, it, as in the other arrangement.Round the edge of made of iron, cast or wrought, of sufv safety-cap canbe the safety reservoir.

the circular orifice, over which the safety-cap is placed, there rises acircular flange from the horizontal plate 1? sufficientl y high forthepurpose intended, which flange has in it cuts or orifices quite downto the horizontal plate 1?, sufficient in numberand magnitude to admitan adequate supply of air from the air-tubeR to the burner G, and carrythe waste combustible fluid downward from the burner to thesafety-reservoir. Over this flange and resting upon it is the rotarysafety-cap I, having a similar flange descending from its lower side tothe one above described and surrounding it. The flange of the safety-capis provided with sections similar to those of the other. The moved roundon this flange and open these cuts ororifices to their full capacity, orclose them entirely, if necessary. Like the movable disks, they can beadjusted to suit a burner of any size when first applied, and they willrequire no further change while it remains. Through these adjustableflanges,

as already stated, passes the waste fluid. 1 13y the same process boththe air and fluid can be excluded.

machinery and apparatus, as shown in Fig. 5, is the perforated plate a,through whose orifices the surplus fluid passes down to thesafety-reservoirB B and the fixed or imperforated safety-cap I) of this,round whose edges the waste fluid percolates, to the perforated plateand through into the safety-reservoir. Half of these perforated andimperforated plates is shown in the drawings. The orifices in theperforated one must be of sufficientnnmber and magnitude toallowthewhole waste fluid'to pass; not so large, however, as to permitthe passage of fire or combustion to The uses of the fixed safety-capare to prevent the communication of fire to the safety-reservoir, and toprevent the escape of gas or gaseous odors from it. The perforted plateor plates (for there may be more than one, if necessary) and thefixedsafety-cap are adapted to fill the ring-like space between B, when usedas an air-tube, and a larger flan ge-like tube concentric with it,whichrises from the upper part of the safety-reservoir. When the tube Risusedasaconduitfor the conveyance of the waste combustible fluid into thesafety-reservoir the perforated plate or plates and the fixed safety-capmust be arranged in the upper end of this conduit instead of around it,as in the other case. The bottom of the conduit must then be entirelyclosed and openings Y Another combination of my be made in its lowerpart near the bottom to allow the fluid which passes down it to'enter.

the safety-reservoir. This part of my appa ratus is believed to be sosimple and obvious in-its construction as to require no further do scription. The faucet in the safety-reservoir may be guarded from fire orflame by a per forated plate, wire; gauze, or any equivalent device. f

In the mode of generating heat before dc scribed neither chimney norescape-flue is needed, for no smoke, cinders, or odors remain to requiretheir use.

My invention for the safe generation and application of heat as the sameis hereinbefore described contains three partial subordinatecombinations and one general combination of them all in the attainmentof the intended results: First is the combination of the burner and thedisks movable over it in the actual production and application of theheat; second is the combination of the rotary safetycap and air-tube, oran air-chamber and ventholes to supply the burner with combustible air;third is the combination of the rotary safety-cap, the fixed safety-cap,the perforated plates, and the safety-reservoir with or without It as aconduit, for the secure collection and preservation of any of the wastecombustible fluid that may escape the burner by design, negligence,accident, or any other cause and fourth is the combination of all thesein the safe, cleanly, and inodorous generation of heat and its mosteifective and economical application. These combinations are inseparableparts of my invention for the attainment of the proposed results. Theymay, however, be separately applicable to stoves, furnaces, and otherheaters in which inflammable liquids are used as fuel; and they may thusbe applied not only to the production and regulation of heat, but alsoto the prevention or arrest of fire from being communicated to thecombustible fluids.

What I claim as myinvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

2. The combination of the rotary safety-cap I, the flanges Q Q, theorifices or cuts K K, and the air-tube R, or the air-chamber with itsvent-holes, for supplying the burner with air.

3. The combination of the movable safetycap I and its out flanges withthe perforated plates and fixed safety-cap a and b, ranged round B whenused as an airtube, or in its upper end when used as a conduit for theconveyance of the waste combustible fluid into the safety-reservoir B B,which is part of this combination for collecting and securing the fluid.

4.. The combination of all these, or their mechanical equivalents,constructed, arranged, and operated for the safe, cleanly, and inodorousgeneration of heat from combustible fluids, however inflammable orexplosive they may be, and the most economical and effective applicationof such heat, substantially as above described in the foregoingspecification.

CHAS. M. YOUNG.

Witnesses:

JOHN TITUS, F. E. FELTON.

